Mental health articles

OF mental health care and mentally ill

December, 2012

Treatment of Depression during Pregnancy

Depressive disorders are common in women of childbearing age, and postpartum depression is a serious complication of childbearing. The possibility of pregnancy should be considered in any pre-menopausal woman for whom antidepressant treatment is contemplated. As many pregnancies are unplanned and unintended, contraceptive advice should be given at the outset of treatment and reviewed often, […]

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Electroconvulsive therapy in treating depression

The greater the number of typical features of depression, the greater likelihood of a good response to electroconvulsive therapy Electroconvulsive therapy is particularly effective in treating depression with psychotic features Patients who do not respond to antidepressant drugs may respond to electroconvulsive therapy It is essential to continue drug treatment with antidepressants after a successful […]

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Psychotic depression treatment

Patients with psychotic depression are the most severely depressed, and they respond poorly to antidepressants alone. Two treatments are effective: combined use of antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs, and electroconvulsive therapy. Combining some of the newer antidepressants, particularly the SSRIs, with antipsychotics should be done with caution as inhibition of the liver cytochrome enzymes can raise […]

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Psychological Causes of Bipolar Disorder

Psychoanalysts view mania as an extreme defence mechanism to counter unpleasant emotional states or unacceptable impulses. Katan, for example, suggested that as periods of mania frequently follow states of depression, the conflct in mania may be of a similar nature to that in depression. People who pass from depression into mania maintain their preoccupation with […]

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Genetic Causes of Bipolar Disorder and Biological Causes of Bipolar Disorder

 Genetic Causes of Bipolar Disorder An early review of the genetics of bipolar disorder by Allenreported overall concordance rates for MZ twins of 72 per cent, while concordance rates for DZ twins averaged 14 per cent. More recently, these estimates have been reduced to 40 per cent and between 5 and 10 per cent respectively. […]

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Symptoms Diagnosis Bipolar Disorder (Bipolar Symptoms)

People with bipolar disorder experience both depression and periods of mania. According to DSM-IV-TR, mania involves at least three of the following symptoms: inflated self-esteem or grandiosity decreased need for sleep more talkativeness than usual or pressure to keep talking flight of ideas or the experience that thoughts are racing distractibility increased activity or psychomotor […]

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Remedies for Seasonal Affective Disorder

The recognized treatment of Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is known as ‘bright light’ treatment which lowers levels of melatonin. In this, the individual is typically exposed to high levels of artifi cial light, varying from 2500 lux for a period of 2 hours to 10  000 lux for half an hour each day over a […]

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Cause of Seasonal Affective Disorder

What Cause Seasonal Effective Disorder? Explanations of SAD are almost uniquely biological. Genetic factors There is now increasing evidence of genetic processes in the aetiology of SAD. In one population study, Madden et al. examined the prevalence of SAD in MZ and DZ twins, concluding that about 29 per cent of the variance in the […]

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Seasonal affective disorder symptoms (Sad Symptoms)

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) was recognized as a distinct disorder by Rosenthal and colleagues only in the mid-1980s . DSM-IV-TR considers it to have the following symptoms and characteristics: a regular temporal relationship between the onset of an episode of depression and a particular time of year full remissions occur at regular times of the […]

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Treatment for Suicide Attempt

People who attempt suicide and have a mental health problem may benefi t from treatment of this disorder regardless of its infl uence on their mood or behaviour. They may also benefi t more directly from addressing factors that contributed to their suicide attempt. One way through which this can be achieved is by developing […]

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