Mental health articles

OF mental health care and mentally ill

November, 2013

Anxiety Disorders articles about related to application

Application to Anxiety Disorders In an interesting extrapolation to psychopathology, McNaughton and Gray attribute GAD to excessive output from the SHS. Underscoring the information processing aspects of the SHS, they describe GAD as primarily a cognitive disorder that involves an excessive perception of threat and a subsequent suppression of approach and excessive avoidance of threat. […]

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Competing Conceptualizations of Anxiety

Competing Conceptualizations of Anxiety In a number of papers published in the 1970s, Gray proposed a ‘‘neuropsychological theory of anxiety’’ that draws on the motivational constructs described before. This early work can best be viewed as an attempt to understand, in terms of the constructs of learning theory, the common behavioral effects of those pharmacological […]

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Molecular Genetic Studies of Psychopathology

Molecular Genetic Studies of Psychopathology Molecular genetic studies of most major forms of psychopathology have become a major area of contemporary etiological research. Approaches to f inding genes that underlie psychiatric disorders have included both association studies of the role of specific candidate genes, as well as genome scans of anonymous DNA markers by using […]

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genetic and environmental influences on depression and anxiety

Inclusion of Specific Environmental and Endophenotypic Variables in Behavior Genetic Models Standard behavior genetic analyses represent genetic and environmental influences as unspecif ied, anonymous, or ‘‘black box’’ variables. Kendler notes that the statistical power to detect shared environmental influences is low in such standard models, whereas incorporating specified environmental variables within a behavior genetic model […]

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behavior genetics psychological perspective

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Normal Range Variation and on the Disordered Extreme An emerging topic in behavior genetic studies of psychopathology is whether genetic and environmental influences are similar across the range of symptoms as for the disordered extreme, or whether the etiology of normal range variation in the trait(s) relevant to a disorder […]

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is anxiety hereditary or learned

Several large-scale behavior genetic studies of anxiety disorders in adults have been conducted using DSMIII or DSM-III-R diagnostic criteria. Kendler, Neale, Kessler, Heath, & Eaves, using data from the same Virginia-based, adult female sample described before, conducted model-fitting analyses on liability to DSM-III generalized anxiety disorder and reported that the best fitting model included additive […]

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Depression Hereditary or Environmental

Rende, Plomin, Reiss, & Hetherington found shared environmental influences for extreme depression scores in adolescents (c2 = .44) and no significant genetic influence on extreme scores. In contrast, these authors found genetic influences, but not shared environmental inf luences, for individual differences in the normal range of depressive symptoms (h2 = .34). With regard to […]

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mood and anxiety disorders in men

The results of recent twin studies of mood and anxiety disorder symptoms across the life span suggest some differences in the etiology of these symptoms in childhood versus adulthood. Only a few twin studies hav been conducted with children and adolescents, so we will begin with a review of the more extensive adult findings. We […]

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Is Schizophrenia Genetic or Environmental

Is Schizophrenia Genetic or Environmental?Many family studies have been conducted to establish that a familial association exists between these disorders and schizophrenia, but fewer twin and adoption studies have been conducted to investigate the role that genetic influences play in their etiology. As stated earlier, different models exist to explain the genetic transmission of the […]

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General Characteristics of Schizophrenia

Three traits were observed more frequently among the biological relatives of schizophrenic probands: suspiciousness, flat affect, and withdrawn behavior. Psychotic-like features (e.g., cognitive and perceptual distortions) were not observed. Subsequent twin studies have replicated these findings. In a series of studies conducted with the Norwegian Twin Registry, Torgersen found a higher frequency of SPD among […]

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