Mental health articles
OF mental health care and mentally ill
January, 2014
obsessive compulsive disorder epidemiology
obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) Epidemiology The now well-known Epidemiological Catchment Area (ECA) survey conducted during the early 1980s indicated lifetime prevalence rates for OCD of 1.9 to 3.3% in five U.S. communities and an overall rate of 2.5%. These rates were much higher than any previous estimates and were conf irmed by similar epidemiological, albeit […]
Tags: disorder, epidemiology, obsessive compulsive disorder, OCD
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Different OCD Disorders and Types of OCD Disorders
Types of OCD Disorders Comorbidity, Differential Diagnosis, and the Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders OCD is frequently accompanied by increased levels of anxiety and depression; estimates of coexistent disorders range from 42–83% . Despite these high rates of overlap with other disorders, the diagnosis of OCD can be made quite reliably, particularly when behavioral compulsions are present. […]
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symptom subtypes of obsessive compulsive disorder
Given the wide variety of symptom patterns that may be present in obsessive compulsive disorder, a number of attempts have been made to subclassify the disorder to enhance understanding of its pathophysiology and treatment. Most often, attempts to identify subtypes have been based on the predominant type of rituals reported by the patient. In these […]
Tags: disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, symptom
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treatment for specific phobia
There is widespread agreement that the treatment of choice for phobic fear and avoidance is in vivo exposure. Some evidence has even suggested that excellent gains can be achieved through a single session of intensive exposure. Some attempts have been made to match the reported mode of acquisition or individual differences to specific types of […]
Tags: phobia, specific phobia, treatment
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Preparedness of specific phobias
Many objects that are in the subject’s immediate environment when traumatic events occur do not acquire fearful properties. Subsequently, phobias are usually found in response to a limited set of all of the possible cues in the world. Observations such as these led Seligman to propose that certain stimuli are biologically ‘‘prepared’’ to become associated […]
Tags: phobias, preparedness, specific phobias
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Genetic and Familial Factors of specific phobias
Genetic and Familial Factors First-degree relatives of people with specific phobias are more likely themselves to have a specific phobia providing evidence for the importance of either genetic or environmental family factors in the disorder. More specifically, a few twin studies demonstrated a genetic involvement in specific phobias but the importance of environmental factors was […]
Tags: familial, genetic, phobias, specific phobias
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Somatic Symptoms of specific phobias
Somatic Symptoms When specific phobics are not confronting their feared object, they experience the least severe and debilitating anxiety disorder, generally demonstrating relatively normal levels of trait anxiety. Such subjective reports are supported by physiological assessment, which also demonstrates that specific phobics in chronic arousal are not different from normal controls. When confronting their feared […]
Tags: phobias, somatic, specific phobias, symptoms
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specific phobias Cognitive Symptoms
specific phobias Cognitive Symptoms Studies of cognitive symptoms in specific phobics have not been very common, possibly because it has been assumed that any thoughts would naturally be related to the phobic object and because thoughts have not usually been considered etiologically important. Nevertheless, a few studies have asked specific phobics about their thoughts when […]
Tags: cognitive, phobias, specific phobias, symptoms
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specific phobias Clinical Features: Epidemiology
specific phobias Clinical Features: Epidemiology Mild fears of specific objects or situations are extremely common in the general population. Fears that are considered clinically severe are still relatively common compared to the other anxiety disorders. The National Comorbidity survey found a lifetime prevalence for specific phobias of approximately 11% in adults and the 6-month prevalence […]
Tags: clinical, epidemiology, phobias, specific phobias
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specific phobia diagnosis code
specific phobias diagnosis The DSM diagnosis of specific phobia refers to a heterogeneous collection of fears and/or avoidance of a broad range of specific objects or situations. Recent attempts to make sense of the heterogeneity centered on trying to identify subgroups of specific phobias that share characteristics. Thus, some researchers distinguished blood and injury fears […]
Tags: diagnosis, specific phobia
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