Mental health articles

OF mental health care and mentally ill

cognitive

Learning, Conditioning, and Cognitive-Behavioral of hypochondriasis

It is well known that autonomic responses can be acquired by classical and operant conditioning. Because of the fear of disease, repeated attention to and selective focus on parts of one’s body may be enhanced. The resulting anxiety and concomitant physiological changes that lead to somatic symptoms (e.g., tachycardia or irritable bowel) can be conditioned […]

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specific phobias Cognitive Symptoms

specific phobias Cognitive Symptoms Studies of cognitive symptoms in specific phobics have not been very common, possibly because it has been assumed that any thoughts would naturally be related to the phobic object and because thoughts have not usually been considered etiologically important. Nevertheless, a few studies have asked specific phobics about their thoughts when […]

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Cognitive symptoms of social phobia

social phobia Cognitive Symptoms. In terms of broad assessment, social phobics report more negative thoughts and less positive thoughts than nonanxious controls before and during a social interaction. More specifically, Hartman found that the thoughts of social phobics fell into four factor analytically derived categories: general physiological discomfort and social inadequacy, concern with others’ awareness […]

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Principles and practice of cognitive behaviour therapy

The cognitive theories and treatments in use today have generally followed on from Beck’s original theories. Broadly speaking, cognitive approaches to emotional disorders focus on two main areas of a person’s experience; the appraisals a person makes while in a situation, and the information processing biases that occur. In anxiety, appraisals that are made generally […]

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Interventions in anorexia by cognitive behavioural approaches

The second phase of treatment involves interventions aimed at achieving and maintaining longterm behavioural change. Perhaps the most widely used cognitive behavioural approach was developed by Garner and Bemis. This was divided into a number of phases, the fi rst of which was intended to establish a working alliance with the individual. Garner and Bemis […]

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Cognitive models of psychopathy

Children within family systems that increase risk of antisocial behaviour do not have clear limits set to their behaviour. As a result, they frequently fail to internalize the controls on their behaviour that other children adopt. These types of environment may also foster beliefs about the individual and the world that support antisocial behaviour. Lopez […]

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Models of mental disorder-The cognitive model

Put simply, the cognitive model posits that people interpret their thoughts, which in turn are the main determinants of behaviour. This stands in sharp contrast to the behavioural or disease models, which do not accommodate the cognitive mechanisms involved in behaviour and illness. For the cognitive therapist primacy is given to errors or biases in […]

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